The spot healing brush is the default healing tool in Photoshop & can be used to lớn clone areas from an image and blend the pixels from the sampled area seamlessly with the target area. The basic principle is that the texture from the sample area is blended with the màu sắc and luminosity surrounding wherever you paint. The main difference between this và the standard healing brush is that the spot healing brush requires no source point. You simply click on the blemishes you want lớn get rid of (or drag with the tool lớn paint over the larger areas you wish lớn repair) and the spot healing brush works out the rest for you. It is in many ways a lot easier to use than the standard healing brush và extremely effective at removing most blemishes và marks. Lớn see examples of the healing brush & the patch tool in action, kiểm tra out some of the repairing và retouching tutorials shown in Chapter 8.
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Figure 1 The spot healing brush Options bar.
Proximity match mode
The spot healing tool has three basic modes of operation (see Figure 1 for the spot healing brush tool Options bar). The Proximity Match mode analyzes the data, around the area where you are painting, khổng lồ identify the best area khổng lồ sample the pixel information from. It then uses the pixel data that has been sampled in this way to replace the defective pixels beneath where you are painting. You can use the spot healing brush in this mode lớn click away & zap small blemishes, but when you are repairing larger areas in a picture you will usually obtain better results if the brush kích cỡ used is smaller than the defective area. Và because the brush is intelligently looking around for the good pixel data to lớn sample from it is best lớn apply brush strokes that drag inwards from the side where the best source data exists (see Figure 2).
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Figure 2 In Proximity Match mode, the spot healing brush works by searching automatically khổng lồ find the best pixels to sample from khổng lồ carry out a repair. It is a good idea when using this tool khổng lồ retouch larger areas, for the brush direction khổng lồ be coming from the side that contains the most suitable texture lớn sample from. This will give the spot healing brush a better clue as lớn which areas khổng lồ sample.
Create texture
The Create texture mode works in a slightly different fashion. The spot healing tool will read in the data surrounding the area you are attempting to lớn repair. As you bởi vì this it will generate a texture pattern from the sampled data. So the main difference between this & the Proximity Match mode is that Proximity Match repairs & blends using actual pixels, while Create Texture repairs and blends using a texture pattern that has been generated on-the-fly.
Content-aware fill
The spot healing brush also features a Content-Aware mode which intelligently works out how best khổng lồ fill the areas you retouch when you use the spot healing brush.
Let’s now look at what the spot healing brush is capable of when used in this mode. In the Figure 3 example below there were a lot of electric cables and wires in the original photograph that spoiled the view. By using the spot healing brush in content-aware mode I was able to lớn carefully remove all of these lớn produce the finished photo shown beneath the original. Although the kết thúc result was quite effective I should point out that you vì still have khổng lồ apply a certain amount of skill in your brush work and choice of settings in order to lớn use this tool effectively. Khổng lồ start with I found that the Normal blend mode worked best for retouching the cables that overlapped the sky, since this blend mode uses diffuse edges to blend seamlessly with the surroundings. I also mostly used long, continuous brush strokes lớn remove these from the photograph và achieve a smooth blended result with the rest of the sky. When retouching the rocks I applied much shorter brush strokes using the Replace blend mode to lớn gradually removed the cables bit by bit (see the blend modes shown in Figure 4). I find that you need to lớn be quite patient and chú ý carefully the result of each brush stroke before applying the next. You’ll discover that dragging the brush from different directions can also influence the outcome of the heal blend retouching and you may sometimes need to lớn carry out an undo and reapply the brush stroke differently and keep doing this until you get the best result. I also find that you can disguise the retouching better by adding extra, thin light strokes 90° khổng lồ the angle of the first, main brush stroke và this too can help disguise your retouching work with the spot healing brush used in this mode.
Figure 4 The spot healing brush Options bar with the Content-Aware mode selected. You can see here the various modes available for the spot healing brush.
The spot healing brush is the default healing tool in Photoshop, so the first time you select it and try khổng lồ use the Option/Alt keys to lớn establish a source point to lớn sample from, you will be shown a warning dialog explaining there is no need lớn create a sample source for the spot healing brush & offers you the option khổng lồ switch khổng lồ using the normal healing brush instead.
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Healing brush
The healing brush enables you to lớn clone areas from an image and blend the pixels from the sampled area seamlessly with the target area (the healing brush Options bar is shown below in Figure 5). The basic principle is that the texture from the sample area is blended with the color and luminosity surrounding wherever you paint.
Figure 5 The healing brush Options bar.
The healing brush in useThe healing brush is used in the same way as the clone stamp tool. However, it is important to áp lực that the healing brush is more than just a super clone stamp & it has its own quality characteristics. So although it is similar to the clone stamp, you will need lớn take these differences into account and adapt the way you work with it. To begin with, you establish a sample point by Option/Alt-clicking on the portion of the image you wish lớn sample from. Release the Option/Alt key and move the cursor over to the point where you want to clone to and click or drag with the mouse to carry out the healing brush retouching.
The healing brush performs its magic by sampling the texture from the source point and blends the sampled texture with the màu sắc and luminosity of the pixels that surround the destination point. The healing brush reads the pixels within a feathered radius that is up khổng lồ 10% outside the perimeter of the healing brush cursor area. By reading the pixels that are outside the cursor area at the destination point, the healing brush is able (in most cases) lớn calculate a smooth transition of màu sắc and luminosity within the area that is being painted (always referencing the pixels within a feathered radius that is up to 10% outside the perimeter of the healing brush cursor area). It is for these reasons that there is no need khổng lồ use a soft edged brush & you will always obtain more controlled results through using the healing brush with a 100% hard edge.
Once you understand the fundamental principles behind the workings of the healing brush, you will come lớn understand why it is that the healing brush may sometimes fail lớn work as expected. You see, if the healing brush is applied too close to lớn an edge where there is a sudden shift in tonal lightness then it will attempt lớn create a blend with what is immediately outside the healing brush area. So when you retouch with the healing brush you need khổng lồ be mindful of this phenomenon, but there are things you can vì to address this. For example, you can create a selection that defines the area you are about to start the retouching on and constrain the healing brush work to inside the selection area. Or, this might be a situation where it would be better to lớn use the spot healing brush in Content-Aware mode. Lớn see examples of the healing brush and the patch tool in action, check out some of the repairing and retouching examples found in Chapter 8.
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1 The healing brush retouching can be carried out on the Background layer, on a copied Background layer or an empty new layer. In this example, I selected the healing brush from the Tools panel & edited the brush style to lớn create a hard edged brush. The brush blending mode should be Normal, the Source radio button checked and ideally the Aligned box left unchecked.
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2 khổng lồ use the healing brush I Option/Alt-clicked to define the source point, which in this example was a clean area of skin texture. I was now ready khổng lồ retouch with the healing brush. In the example shown here, I simply clicked on the blemishes lớn remove them with the healing brush. If you are using a pressure sensitive tablet as an đầu vào device, then the default brush dynamics will be size sensitive. You can use light pressure khổng lồ paint with a small brush, & use heavier pressure to get a full-sized brush.
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3 I continued using the healing brush khổng lồ complete the skin tone retouching. In this example I sampled one pixel source point for the chest & neck areas and another to lớn retouch the face.
Providing the "Current và Below" or "All Layers" option are selected in the healing brush tool options you can carry out all the healing brush work on a separate layer.
